中国2型糖尿病患者对糖尿病态度相关因素分析 ; Associated factors of the attitudes toward diabetes among patients with type 2 diabetes in China

目的 了解我国2型糖尿病患者对糖尿病的态度,并分析其相关因素,为实施糖尿病治疗和教育提供依据.方法 本研究为中华医学会糖尿病分会教育与管理学组进行大型多中心调查的一部分,采用一般资料调查表和汉化的第3版糖尿病态度量表,对全国31个省、自治区、直辖市的50个研究中心(144家三级、二级和社区医院)的6 043例2型糖尿病患者问卷调查.计量资料组间比较采用t检验或方差分析.结果 入组患者糖尿病态度总分为(3.76±0.30)分,各维度中得分最高者为医务人员接受糖尿病教育培训的必要性(4.32±0.49)分,最低者为严格控制血糖的受益(3.57±0.51)分.以是否接受过糖尿病教育进行分组分析,结果显示患者对糖尿病社会心理影响的态度(t=1.24)、糖尿病管理自主性的态度(t=0.42)组间差异均无统计学意义(均P＞ 0.05).不同特征患者态度量表总分的单因素分析显示,性别(t=-2.14)、文化程度(F=11.52)、病程(F=8.41)、有无并发症(F=16.83)、是否接受教育(t=6.33)组间差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论 糖尿病教育过程中需重视糖尿病社会心理的影响及糖尿病管理的自主性;糖尿病教育者应针对文化程度、有无并发症、病程及有否接受过糖尿病教育等情况,提供更加有效的个体化的糖尿病教育和管理,以改善患者对疾病的态度并改善预后. ; Objective To assess the attitudes toward diabetes and the related factors of the attitudes among patients with type 2 diabetes in China.Methods This study was a part of a multi-centre,crosssectional,questionnaire based survey conducted by Diabetes Education and Management Group of China Diabetes Society.This study involved 6 043 patients with type 2 diabetes was conducted in 50 medical centers among 31 administrative divisions in mainland China (144 tertiary,secondary and community hospitals were included).The information of demographic characteristics and diabetes attitudes was collected by general questionnaire and the diabetes attitude scale-3 formula.Independent t test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare quantitative data among groups.Result The score of patients' attitude to diabetes was 3.76 ±0.30.The mean scores of 5 subscales ranged from 3.57 ±0.51 for 'value of tight control' to 4.3 ± 0.49 for 'need for special training'.There was no significant difference in'psychosocial impact of diabetes' (t =1.24) and ' patient autonomy' (t =0.42) between patients with diabetes education and without(both P ＜ 0.05).The score of patients' attitudes to diabetes was significantly associated with sex (t =-2.14),level of education (F =11.52),duration of diabetes (F =8.41),diabetes complication (F =16.83),receiving diabetes education or not (t =6.33) (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions It is important to emphasis on the ...