Global Carbon Budget 2022
Germany, Copernicus, 2022
Online
academicJournal
Zugriff:
Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe and synthesize data sets and methodologies to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties. Fossil CO2 emissions (EFOS) are based on energy statistics and cement production data, while emissions from land-use change (ELUC), mainly deforestation, are based on land use and land-use change data and bookkeeping models. Atmospheric CO2 concentration is measured directly, and its growth rate (GATM) is computed from the annual changes in concentration. The ocean CO2 sink (SOCEAN) is estimated with global ocean biogeochemistry models and observation-based data products. The terrestrial CO2 sink (SLAND) is estimated with dynamic global vegetation models. The resulting carbon budget imbalance (BIM), the difference between the estimated total emissions and the estimated changes in the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere, is a measure of imperfect data and understanding of the contemporary carbon cycle. All uncertainties are reported as ±1σ. For the year 2021, EFOS increased by 5.1% relative to 2020, with fossil emissions at 10.1±0.5GtCyr-1 (9.9±0.5GtCyr-1 when the cement carbonation sink is included), and ELUC was 1.1±0.7GtCyr-1, for a total anthropogenic CO2 emission (including the cement carbonation sink) of 10.9±0.8GtCyr-1 (40.0±2.9GtCO2). Also, for 2021, GATM was 5.2±0.2GtCyr-1 (2.5±0.1ppmyr-1), SOCEAN was 2.9 ±0.4GtCyr-1, and SLAND was 3.5±0.9GtCyr-1, with a BIM of -0.6GtCyr-1 (i.e. the total estimated sources were too low or sinks were too high). The global atmospheric CO2 concentration averaged over 2021 reached 414.71±0.1ppm. Preliminary data for 2022 suggest an increase in EFOS relative to 2021 of +1.0% (0.1% to 1.9%) globally and atmospheric ...
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Global Carbon Budget 2022
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Friedlingstein, Pierre ; O'Sullivan, Michael ; Jones, Matthew W. ; Andrew, Robbie M. ; Gregor, Luke ; Hauck, Judith ; Le Quere, Corinne ; Luijkx, Ingrid T. ; Olsen, Are ; Peters, Glen P. ; Peters, Wouter ; Pongratz, Julia ; Schwingshackl, Clemens ; Sitch, Stephen ; Canadell, Josep G. ; Ciais, Philippe ; Jackson, Robert B. ; Alin, Simone R. ; Alkama, Ramdane ; Arneth, Almut ; Arora, Vivek K. ; Bates, Nicholas R. ; Becker, Meike ; Bellouin, Nicolas ; Bittig, Henry C. ; Bopp, Laurent ; Chevallier, Frederic ; Chini, Louise P. ; Cronin, Margot ; Evans, Wiley ; Falk, Stefanie ; Feely, Richard A. ; Gasser, Thomas ; Gehlen, Marion ; Gkritzalis, Thanos ; Gloege, Lucas ; Grassi, Giacomo ; Gruber, Nicolas ; Gurses, Ozgur ; Harris, Ian ; Hefner, Matthew ; Houghton, Richard A. ; Hurtt, George C. ; Iida, Yosuke ; Ilyina, Tatiana ; Jain, Atul K. ; Jersild, Annika ; Kadono, Koji ; Kato, Etsushi ; Kennedy, Daniel ; Klein Goldewijk, Kees ; Knauer, Jurgen (R18991) |
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Veröffentlichung: | Germany, Copernicus, 2022 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
DOI: | 10.5194/essd-14-4811-2022 |
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