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Coral reefs are losing the capacity to sustain their biological functions 1 . In addition to other well-known stressors, such as climatic change and overfishing 1 , plastic pollution is an emerging threat to coral reefs, spreading throughout reef food webs 2 , and increasing disease transmission and structural damage to reef organisms 3 . Although recognized as a global concern 4 , the distribution and quantity of plastics trapped in the world's coral reefs remains uncertain 3 . Here we survey 84 shallow and deep coral ecosystems at 25 locations across the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian ocean basins for anthropogenic macrodebris (pollution by human-generated objects larger than 5 centimetres, including plastics), performing 1,231 transects. Our results show anthropogenic debris in 77 out of the 84 reefs surveyed, including in some of Earth's most remote and near-pristine reefs, such as in uninhabited central Pacific atolls. Macroplastics represent 88% of the anthropogenic debris, and, like other debris types, peak in deeper reefs (mesophotic zones at 30-150 metres depth), with fishing activities as the main source of plastics in most areas. These findings contrast with the global pattern observed in other nearshore marine ecosystems, where macroplastic densities decrease with depth and are dominated by consumer items 5 . As the world moves towards a global treaty to tackle plastic pollution 6 , understanding its distribution and drivers provides key information to help to design the strategies needed to address this ubiquitous threat.

Titel:	Plastic pollution on the world's coral reefs.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Pinheiro, HT ; MacDonald, C ; Santos, RG ; Ali, R ; Bobat, A ; Cresswell, BJ ; Francini-Filho, R ; Freitas, R ; Galbraith, GF ; Musembi, P ; Phelps, TA ; Quimbayo, JP ; Quiros, TEAL ; Shepherd, B ; Stefanoudis, PV ; Talma, S ; Teixeira, JB ; Woodall, LC ; Rocha, LA
Zeitschrift:	Nature, Jg. 619 (2023-07-01), Heft 7969, S. 311
Veröffentlichung:	Basingstoke : Nature Publishing Group ; <i>Original Publication</i>: London, Macmillan Journals ltd., 2023
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	1476-4687 (electronic)
DOI:	10.1038/s41586-023-06113-5
Schlagwort:	Food Chain Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean Particle Size Human Activities Hunting Coral Reefs Plastics adverse effects Plastics analysis
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article Language: English [Nature] 2023 Jul; Vol. 619 (7969), pp. 311-316. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2023 Jul 12. MeSH Terms: Coral Reefs* ; Plastics* / adverse effects ; Plastics* / analysis ; Food Chain ; Pacific Ocean ; Atlantic Ocean ; Indian Ocean ; Particle Size ; Human Activities ; Hunting Comments: Erratum in: Nature. 2023 Nov;623(7988):E12. (PMID: 37945936) References: Hughes, T. P. et al. Coral reefs in the Anthropocene. Nature 546, 82–90 (2017). (PMID: 2856980110.1038/nature22901) ; Santos, R. G., Machovsky-Capuska, G. E. & Andrades, R. Plastic ingestion as an evolutionary trap: toward a holistic understanding. Science 373, 56–60 (2021). (PMID: 3421087710.1126/science.abh0945) ; Lamb, J. B. et al. Plastic waste associated with disease on coral reefs. Science 359, 460–462 (2018). (PMID: 2937146910.1126/science.aar3320) ; MacLeod, M., Arp, H. P. H., Tekman, M. B. & Annika, J. 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Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Plastics) Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20230712 Date Completed: 20230714 Latest Revision: 20231109 Update Code: 20231215

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Plastic pollution on the world's coral reefs.